Placide Poba-Nzaou, Chercheur du GReSI, Université du Québec à Montréal (UQAM)
Motivations for E-HRM adoption by organizations: A Configurational Analysis of underlying business values from Online Stories. Although the use of IT to create business values (BV) has been debated for years (Melville, Kraemer and Gurbaxani, 2004), little is known about electronic human resources (e-HRM) BV and particularly strategic BV and investigations are lacking (Marler and Fisher, 2013). We adopt a configurational approach and use factor and cluster analysis methods to identify and characterize BV underlying the motivations of e-HRM adoption in organizations. Based on a combination of the traditional sub-functional view of HRM (Wright and Snell, 1991) and Zuboff (1988) and Mooney et al.’s (1995) concepts of automate, informate, and transformate, nine factors are derived from HRM and IS literatures; and drawing on data from 146 firms’ online stories of e-HRM adoption a seven-configuration solu-tion is suggested, showing asymmetry in the consideration of strategic business values underlying the motivations of e-HRM adoption. The results indicate that these BV can be related to the four HRM roles suggested by Ulrich (1997), namely Administrative Expert, Employees Champion, Change Agent, and Strategic Partner. The seven configurations exhibit great heterogeneity with regard to their polarity; that is the number and the nature of dominant HRM roles within each cluster; and provide empirically and conceptually grounded taxonomy of e-HRM BV configurations.
Mustapha Cheikh-Ammar, Étudiant au doctorat, Chaire de recherche du Canada en implantation et gestion des T.I., HEC Montréal
IT desirability as a means to exploring is post-acceptance usage of everyday technologies: conceptualization and comparative assessment. IT acceptance and post acceptance are central themes in IS research, and their related behaviors have been mostly investigated via reasoned and planned action theories, and are often portrayed as based on intentional and conscious decisions. This paper suggests an alternative, yet complementary perspective to the performance enhancing task-technology fit view of individual-IT interaction that has been predominant in IS research. To do so, we introduce the construct of IT Desirability to help better explain and predict individual post-adoption use beyond the influence of reasoned intentions, particularly in the context of hedonic every day IT, expe-riential computing, ICTs, social network sites and online communities. The paper first conceptualizes the construct of IT Desirability and assesses a theoretical model linking it to IS use. Next, a comparative study is presented where an affect-based model that integrates IT Desirability is compared to an established post acceptance model in the context of social network sites. The results of two online surveys of social network site users found that IT Desirability had a significant positive influence on IS use and helped increase the explained variance in the dependent variable beyond the influence of traditional models and constructs. The theoretical and practical implications of these results are discussed.
Hanieh Moshki, Étudiante au doctorat, Chaire de recherche du Canada en implantation et gestion des T.I., HEC Montréal
Individuals’IT-related Privacy Concerns: a Two-phase Cognitive Model. Privacy is a highly dynamic concept and in-dividuals with distinct life experiences and individuals with distinct life experiences and knowledge can perceive it differently. Despite the advances made by past IS research, little is still known about the antecedents of Privacy Concerns Related to IT (PCIT), their formation, and the relationship between general PCIT and PCIT regarding specific tehcnologies. In an effort to address these knowledge gaps, the present study adopts the Elaboration Likelihood Model (ELM) as a theoretical lens to introduce three new constructs as key antecedents of general PCIT: privacy-related legal knowledge, privacy-related IT knowledge and general involvement with IT-related privacy. Based on ELM, the paper also proposes a two stage cognitive model that conceptualizes the relationship between general and technology-specific PCIT, and introduces a feature-based conceptualization of technology-specific PCIT.
Atelier de recherche
Stefan Tams, Chercheur du GReSI, HEC Montréal
The Impact of Interruptions on Technology Usage: Exploring Interdependencies between Demands from Interrup-tions, Worker Control, and Role-based Stress. Résumé non disponible.
Suzanne Rivard, Chercheure du GReSI, HEC Montréal; Jacques Robert, Chercheur du GReSI, HEC Montréal; Mo-hammad Moeini-Aghkariz , Candidat au doctorat, Chaire de gestion stratégique des T.I., HEC Montréal
Formal modeling for theory building. Résumé non disponible.
Adriane B. Randolph, Kennesaw State University (Atlanta, Georgia)
Brain-Computer Interfaces: A New Direction in Human-Computer Interaction. Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) pro-vide non-traditional assistance for controlling computers using neural input. They provide users with capabilities for communication and control of environmental, navigational, and prosthetic devices. Research in the field of BCIs spans several disciplines including computer science, various areas of engineering, cognitive psychology, neuros-cience, and information systems, all working to discover the most appropriate alternatives for users with severe motor disabilities and breakthrough devices for use by able-bodied individuals. Brain-computer interface resear-chers incorporate brain imaging and signal acquisition techniques long-used in clinical and medical settings to explore the use of BCIs in real-world settings. Most applications target disabled users who are cognitively intact but have such severely limited mobility that system input through physical movement (using a keyboard, mouse, joystick, switches, or eye-gaze devices) is infeasible. This talk provides a basis for understanding BCIs and overlapping con-cepts with the field of human-computer interaction through exemplar work at the Kennesaw State University Brain-Lab.
Chrisanthi Avgerou, London School of Economics and Political Science (London, United Kingdom)
Causal explanation in social theory-based IS research. Research that draws from social theory to explain phenomena concerning IT and social change is becoming increasingly more visible in Information Systems and kindred fields. Yet, the nature and structure of explanatory theory and the way it is developed have attracted relatively little attention in this research stream. In her lecture, Professor Avgerou will discuss the significance of causality for explanation and examine how explanation is framed by general theory. She will elaborate, in particular, on the concept of social mechanism as a building block for causal process theory. She will also argue that tracing social mechanisms in research that draws from social theories of action and technology can lead to more complete and novel causal ex-planations of IS phenomena.
Ning Nan, Sauder School of Business / University of British Columbia (Vancouver, B.C.)
Hypercompetition within Industry: Achieving and Renewing Temporary Competitive Advantages with Information Technology. In the U.S, almost all industries exhibit increasing levels of hypercompetition. Sustained competitive
advantages have become very rare. Firms seek to achieve temporary competitive advantages and renew them as they are eroded by rivals. These developments challenge theories about IT-enabled sources of sustained competitive advantage. They call for new theories explaining IT-enabled sources of temporarycompetitive advantage. In this study, we develop a theory to explain: (1) how and why increasing IT intensity in an industry contributes to increasing levels of hypercompetition in the industry; and (2) how a firm can use IT-enabled data analytics capabilities to achieve temporary competitive advantages and renew them on an ongoing basis in a hypercompetitive industry. Drawing on complex adaptive systems theory and the economic theory of complementarities, we posit that increasing IT intensity within an industry speeds up digitization and modularization of products and business processes, establishes inter-connections among previously autonomous product markets, and enhances complementarity or substitution types of mutual dependency relationships among the product markets. Via IT-enabled interconnections, strategic changes originating in one product market propagate to the complementary and substitute product markets and affect their strategic dynamics as well, and increase turbulence in performance rank orderings in an industry, a phenomenon known as hypercompetition. IT-enabled data analytics capabilities help firms to identify and manage mutual depen-dency relationships among product markets so that firms can achieve temporary competitive advantage in hyper-competitive industries. Agent-based simulations provide additional insights into the complex nature of IT-induced hypercompetition. They also reveal caveats of IT-enabled data analytics capabilities in taming uncertainties in a hy-percompetitive industry.
Conférence HEC Montréal – Queen’s University
L’événement a eu lieu à Queen’s University (Kingston, Ont.) et environ 15 participants (professeurs et étudiants au doctorat) de HEC étaient présents.
Michael J. Gallivan, J. Mack Robinson College of Business / Georgia State University (Atlanta, Georgia)
A Trio of Research Projects on Healthcare IT based on Archival Data Sources. This research talk will describe a trio of ongoing related projects related to healthcare IT. All three projects share the use of archival data sources related to important healthcare IT phenomena. Project #1 employs the co-citation analysis technique from information science to identify the leading sub-topics that researchers have examined within the medical community, and also within the IS community, resulting in a comparison of these two communities. In this project, we identify the leading researchers who have been cited most for their work on healthcare IT, as well as the different topic areas identified by our co-citation analysis. Project #2, also involving bibliometric data, describes research on healthcare IT in the IS discipline to illustrate the limitations of current online searches using Google Scholar and it proposes an enhanced approach to assist researchers in locating high-impact research on for healthcare IT – or on any research topic. Project #3 is a critical case study of a division of a large Minneapolis-based health insurance company, United Healthcare, which was established to provide a central repository for pricing information that dozens of major health insurance companies used to facilitate the efficiency of insurance billing. This division (formerly named « Ingenix ») became the subject of an ongoing investigation by the New York State Attorney’s Office during 2008-2009 for billing practices that denied adequate payments to physicians who proved out-of-network services to patients insured by insurance companies participating in the Ingenix exchange. This portion of the talk will describe true events, as revealed by news reports in the New York and Minneapolis-area press, as well as in public documents. In addition, I will interpret the case study as an instance of large-scale corporate fraud and explain how it serves as a counterpoint to many published case studies of the economic value created by healthcare technologies. The two other projects examine bibliometric data involving research papers published on the topic of healthcare IT in leading medical journals and IS journals.
Guy Paré, Chercheur du GReSI, HEC Montréal
Regard introspectif sur 10 années de recherche en TI dans le secteur de la santé. Plusieurs pays industrialisés ont entrepris des transformations majeures de leurs systèmes de santé au cours des vingt dernières années. Au Canada, des efforts considérables ont été déployés pour améliorer la qualité et l’accessibilité aux soins de santé primaires et spécialisés, soutenir la mise en réseau intégré des établissements de santé et de leurs professionnels, et favoriser une participation accrue des patients dans la prise en charge de leurs maladies. Dans ce contexte, le déploiement de TI tel que les dossiers médicaux électroniques, les dossiers cliniques informatisés, l’imagerie numérique, la télémé-decine et les dossiers de santé personnels constitue un levier essentiel au développement et à la mise en place de nouveaux modes d’organisation et de dispensation des soins de santé. Au cours de sa présentation, Guy Paré mettra en exergue les progrès accomplis dans ce secteur et jettera un regard introspectif sur les travaux réalisés au cours des 10 dernières années à titre de titulaire de la Chaire de recherche du Canada en TI dans le secteur de la santé.
Atelier de recherche
Suzanne Rivard*, Chercheure du GReSI*, et Yannick St-James*, *HEC Montréal.
Titre et résumé non disponibles.
Jane Fedorowicz, Bentley University (Waltham, Massachusetts)
Governance Patterns of U.S. Public Safety Networks: Preliminary Findings from a Fuzzy Set Qualitative Comparison Analysis. The Public Safety Networks Study team, housed at Bentley University and Syracuse University, provides an interdisciplinary perspective on the sociotechnical issues pertaining to the initiation, design, uses and successes of interorganizational systems supporting cross-agency communications and information sharing in the public sector. The results to be shared in this presentation represent the latest in a series of studies and analyses conducted by the project team. This is a work in progress. The paper under development extends our prior examination into configu-rations of design of public safety networks (PSNs), concentrating on the role governance plays. The focus of the analysis, PSNs, are inter-agency collaborations which support the development and uses of interorganizational sys-tems to enhance information sharing and functional interoperability needs of public safety agencies engaged in law enforcement, criminal justice, and emergency response. More broadly, PSN are a specific form of interorganizational information-sharing system (IOS). In this paper we extend prior work to (1) identify significant aspects of PSN go-vernance and (2) identify patterns of PSN performance relative to their governance activities and structures. We focus here on governance because of its hypothesized importance to performance. Governance encompasses the creation and oversight of policies and processes within an organization, and may encompass organizational, resource (e.g., financing), technology and other significant decisions (Markus and Bui, 2011). In the public sector, governance also must address political mandates and input from a variety of external stakeholders such as citizens or other go-vernment levels. Specific to this study, the research question to be addressed is: Are there patterns of governance arrangements in PSNs that impact performance? Use of Ragin’s fsQCA technique will allow us to also determine what the patterns are, how they vary, how they are alike, and what may explain them.
Claude Sicotte, Chercheur du GReSI, Université de Montréal
Technologies de l’information, automatisation du travail professionnel et soins médicaux: une utopie? Le Centre intégré de cancérologie de Laval a accueilli ses premiers patients à l’été 2011. Ce centre se démarque par une vision très novatrice de l’utilisation des technologies de l’information afin d’améliorer l’accès aux soins et la productivité clinique. La clé de voute de cette stratégie novatrice repose sur un Dossier clinique informatisé (DCI) dédié à la can-cérologie. Ce DCI va au-delà des applications logicielles courantes en automatisant le suivi et la coordination des soins ainsi qu’en permettant d’opérationnaliser la systématisation des plans de traitements. Une recherche évaluative pré-post déploiement de cette innovation clinique et organisationnelle a été menée afin d’en apprécier les effets. Le cas à l’étude peut être qualifié d’analyse d’impact d’une technologie perturbatrice (Disruptive technology) compte tenu de l’ampleur des transformations cliniques et organisationnelles requises. Une approche mixte de méthodes quali-tatives et quantitatives a permis de cerner l’ampleur des transformations en cours et leurs effets. Seront présentés ces résultats ainsi que leur signification pour les nombreux projets d’informatisation des pratiques cliniques (DMÉ, DCI, DSQ) qui ont cours au Québec tout comme ailleurs à travers le monde.
Simon Bourdeau, Chercheur du GReSI, Université du Québec à Montréal (UQAM)
Functional Tenure Diversity, Team Member Satisfaction and Team Performance in Information Systems Pro-jects. Information system projects (ISPs) bring together a variety of individuals with different cultural, educational, psychological, behavioral, organizational and/or functional backgrounds into a project team. While past research has investigated diversity in teams and organizations, the cumulative findings of the relatively large body of work on diversity is still “weak, inconsistent or both” (Harrison and Klein 2007, p.1199). Drawing from the existing body of research on ISPs and team diversity, the present study tests and compares two multi-level models of team member diversity in functional tenure to explain perceived team performance and team member satisfaction. To do so, seve-ral theoretical and methodological strategies were used to better capture the effects of diversity in ISP, including: 1) study a task-oriented diversity attribute (functional tenure diversity); 2) align the conceptualization and operationa-lization of diversity; 3) use bias-corrected formulas of diversity; 4) test the effect of diversity on a key individual-level outcome (team member work satisfaction); 5) adopt a multi-level perspective and 6) measure actual team diversity in organizational settings. The results of hierarchical linear modeling analysis of all 200 participants of 41 ISP teams found that functional tenure negatively affected work satisfaction but had no effect on perceived team performance. Moreover, this negative effect was exacerbated by functional tenure diversity.
Suzanne Rivard, Chercheure du GReSI, HEC Montréal
Which net do you suggest that I use? Extracting value from SMS message exchanges among the members of an informal online community of family physicians. “Conceptual models not only fix the mesh of the nets that the ana-lyst drags through the material in order to explain a particular action; they also direct him to cast his nets in select ponds, at certain depths, in order to catch the fish he is after” (Allison 1971, p. 4). “I see our … theories as human inventions – nets designed by us to catch the world” (Popper 1982, p. 15). Both Allison and Popper use the analogy of nets to refer to the theories we use to explain the world around us. The main goal of this presentation is to engage in a conversation with the audience and invite them to suggest theoretical perspectives that I could eventually use to interpret rich data that is being made available to me. The data consist of several thousand SMS messages that an informal online community of six family physicians have exchanged over a period of two years. In my view, this cons-titutes an original mode of collaboration that creates value for both the physicians themselves and their patients. During the presentation, I would like to explore with the audience different avenues that could be followed to “ex-tract knowledge” from these data, above and beyond adopting a grounded theory approach.
Ron Cenfetelli, Sauder School of Business / University of Brithis Columbia (Vancouver, B.C.)
Who is Viewing Your Information and How Do You Feel About It? Investigating Next Generation Privacy Tools in Social Networks. Over a billion people use social networks to share personal information with friends, colleagues, even strangers. Disturbingly, most social network platforms provide few (if any) feedback cues indicating that, and by whom, one’s information has been viewed. This absence, coupled with current rudimentary privacy tools, forces users to blindly choose between including or excluding potential audiences while ill-equipped to make such decisions. How would users react if they could see who had viewed their information, and can such a tool reduce the costs of sharing without reducing the benefits? Drawing on a cost-benefit perspective and expectancy disconfirmation theory, we propose a model to begin answering these questions. Some early, interesting results, empirical challenges and future research designs are presented.